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StructureSolver StructureSolver
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  • Home
  • Learn More
    • Overview
    • Value Proposition
    • Interpretation
    • Structural Restoration
    • Structural Modeling
    • Area-depth Strain Analysis
    • Integrated Analysis
  • Petrel Plugin
    • Overview
    • Area-Depth Analysis in Petrel
    • Kinematic Structural Modeling in Petrel
    • Using Structural Components in Petrel
    • Transferring Interpretations Between Petrel And StructureSolver
    • Location and Measurement in StructureSolver
    • Plugin Workflow
  • Video Gallery
    • Structural Modeling Examples
      • Simple Extensional Growth Fault
      • Mississippi Canyon
      • NZ Crustal Fault
      • Failed Rift
      • Niger Delta Growth Fault
      • Lost Hills
      • Inversion Model
    • Structural Restoration Examples
      • Restore Section to Bathymetric Profile
      • Gulf of Mexico
      • NW Africa
      • Alberta Triangle Zone
    • Component Structural Restoration Examples
      • Toldado Anticline Component Restoration
      • Minibasin Component Restoration
      • Transform To Target
      • Salt Diapir Restoration
    • Area-Depth Graph Examples
      • Niger Delta Area Depth Analysis
      • Fault Trajectory Bermejo BasinFault Trajectory Bermejo Basin
      • Mapping Fault Shapes with Area-DepthMapping Fault Shapes with Area-Depth
    • Linked Modeling and Strain Analysis
      • Multiple Linked Structural Models
      • Niger Delta Fault Propagation
      • Multiple Thrust Fault Animation
      • Strain Modeling
    • Using StructureSolver:Basics
      • StructureSolver Interface
      • Context Menus
      • Interpretation Dashboard
      • Interpretation Basics
      • Annotation and Scale Bars
      • Getting Started with StructureSolver
      • Import from SEG-y File
      • Fault Terminations and Junctions
      • StructureSolver Solutions
      • Calibrating
      • Color Fill
    • Using StructureSolver: Structural Components
      • Component Creation and Management
      • Curve Transfer
    • Using StructureSolver: Restoration
      • Interpretation Guidelines
      • Interpretation Errors and Warnings
      • Vertical Shear Restoration
      • Flexural Slip Restoration
      • Inclined Shear Restoration
      • Restore Section Workflow
      • Restore Component Workflow
      • Rotate Section or Component
      • Add Vertical Shear Marker
      • Add Flexural Slip Horizon
      • Add Inclined Shear Marker
    • Using StructureSolver: Structural Modeling
      • Structural Modeling Basics
      • Adding Structural Surfaces to a Model
      • Structural Modeling Functions
      • Working with Multiple Structural Models
      • Structural Modeling Warnings and Errors
      • Trishear Basics
    • Using StructureSolver: Area-Depth Strain
      • Area-Depth Graph Basics
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    • Bohai Bay Structural Modeling and Restoration
    • Mexican Ridges Presentation
    • Labrador Sea
    • Niger Delta - Quantitative Structural Analysis
    • Peru - Integrative Structural Analysis
  • Software
    • Current Release 8.0
    • Version 7.0
    • Version 6.0
    • Version 5.0
      • NewFeaturesV5.0
      • Color Fill
      • Component Creation and Management
      • Stretch and Shear
      • Transform To Target
      • Curve Transfer
      • Scale Bars
    • Release Notes
    • Technology Summary
    • Licensing and Pricing
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Summary
Niger Delta: Combining Multiple Quantitative Structural Analysis Techniques to Create a Robust Structural Interpretation

Eichelberger, N. W.,  Hughes, A. N. and Nunns, A. G., 2014, Combining Multiple Quantitative Structural Analysis Techniques to Create a Robust Structural Interpretation, GSA Abstracts with Programs, v. 46, no 6 Vancouver BC.   

Watch a summary video
. Using high quality seismic reflection data of a fault propagation fold from offshore Nigeria, we combine fault-bend and trishear modeling, area-depth computations, distance-displacement relationships and structural restorations to develop a consistent quantitative structural interpretation. These methods constrain detachment depth, horizontal contraction, internal shear angles and fault propagation history.Modeling trishear deformation ahead of a propagating fault tip, we reproduce the 2-D forelimb geometry of the structure. The trishear framework confirms a published fault propagation fold model and also accurately models the geometry of both pre-growth and growth horizons.   

The variation of bed area above regional with depth (area-depth relationship) definitively confirms that the fault flattens into a horizontal detachment.  We model the entire structure using a combination of trishear for the forelimb and fault-bend related shear for the back limb.  Modeling the backlimb geometry while maintaining the interpreted detachment depth requires a shear-axis angle of about 40°. In the interpreted data, two backthrusts rise at a similar shallow angle from the bend where the fault ramps up. The backthrusts are analogous to antithetic shear axes and accommodate folding related to the main fault bend.  Horizontal displacements on the detachment independently calculated from modeling and area-depth agree within 10%, but exceed the shortening based on horizon length measurements.  This discrepancy suggests significant subseismic layer-parallel shortening within the structure.

Distance-displacement relationships on the main fault show that as folding increases towards the final fault tip, displacement decreases, consistent with our trishear model.   The main fault has an initial tip point deep within the pre-growth section and a final tip point near the base of the growth section.  The back-thrusts have nearly constant displacements along their traces, indicating that these faults developed rapidly.   These relationships are clearly illustrated by restoring the section above a horizon that is at the level of the initial tip point on the main fault.

We illustrate the overall kinematic development of the structure with a quantitatively balanced animation including both the main fault and the back thrusts.

 

 
Structural Animations
Niger Delta Case Study: Short Videos showing Model Development
 

Please refer to the poster presentation by Eichelberger et. al. 2014 for explanation of these videos.  You may also download the presentation from the Summary tab.

Watch a short video of the Single Fault Trishear Model
Niger Delta Case Study: Analysis of Fault Strain from single Trishear Model
 

 

 

 

 

 

Watch a short video of the Multiple FaultTrishear Model

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Watch a short video showing development of the Multiple Fault Trishear Model

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single Fault Strain
Niger Delta Case Study: Fault Strain Analysis
 
Watch a video comparing strains computed from area depth analysis and the trishear model
Watch a video showing the strain for the single trishear fault model

 

Area-Depth Analysis

 

 

  • Bohai Bay Structural Modeling and Restoration
  • Mexican Ridges Presentation
  • Labrador Sea
  • Niger Delta - Quantitative Structural Analysis
  • Peru - Integrative Structural Analysis

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